However, these figures do not reflect the real situation, as they only include officially confirmed cases and do not take into account the missing children or those who live in the Russian-occupied territories.

Children were killed or injured during the evacuation attempts. The Russian military opened fire on civilian vehicles marked with the word "children" and carrying white flags. In addition, some children were victims of mines and unexploded remnants of war that the Russian army is using not only for military purposes but also to harm civilians.

Russian attacks on civilian infrastructure resulted in damaging or destructing 3,750 educational institutions, 22 institutions for orphans and children deprived of parental care, and 671 healthcare facilities (as of August 2023). This means that children may lose their places of residence, access to education, access to healthcare, or other basic services.

Some cases of sexual violence against minors or using children as human shields were also identified. 

In addition to physical damage, the war also has a severe impact on the psychological state of children. UNICEF estimates that 1.5 million Ukrainian children are at risk of depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, and other mental health problems that may have long-term consequences.